Force of water flow on Reducer - How to use continuity, Bernoulli, and Force Momentum equations (Hydraulics)

This looks like a small problem, but here you have to apply three hydraulics principles to get the force of flow of water onto the reducer. 

Problem:
A 100 L/s of water flows upward through the reducer as shown. Neglecting the head losses, compute the force of flow on the reducer. Be sure to include the weight of the water in the reducer. (Hint: Use the formula for the volume of the truncated cone.)


Solution:


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